NextTrace¶

Debian系统安装¶

nano nexttrace.sh
chmod +x nexttrace.sh
./nexttrace.sh

脚本内容：

#!/usr/bin/env bash
#
# install-nexttrace-debian.sh
# 在 Debian 12/13 上通过官方 APT 仓库安装 NextTrace

set -euo pipefail

RED='\033[0;31m'
GREEN='\033[0;32m'
YELLOW='\033[0;33m'
PLAIN='\033[0m'

require_root() {
    if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then
        echo -e "${RED}本脚本需要 root 权限。${PLAIN}"
        echo -e "请使用：${GREEN}sudo -i${PLAIN} 后再执行。"
        exit 1
    fi
}

detect_debian() {
    if [[ -f /etc/os-release ]]; then
        . /etc/os-release
        if [[ "${ID:-}" == "debian" ]]; then
            # VERSION_ID 可能是 "12" / "13" / "trixie" 等，统一视为支持
            return 0
        fi
    fi
    return 1
}

add_nexttrace_repo() {
    echo -e "${YELLOW}[*] 创建 keyrings 目录...${PLAIN}"
    install -d /etc/apt/keyrings

    if [[ ! -f /etc/apt/keyrings/nexttrace.gpg ]]; then
        echo -e "${YELLOW}[*] 下载 NextTrace 仓库 GPG 密钥...${PLAIN}"
        curl -fsSL \
          https://github.com/nxtrace/nexttrace-debs/releases/latest/download/nexttrace-archive-keyring.gpg \
          | tee /etc/apt/keyrings/nexttrace.gpg >/dev/null
    else
        echo -e "${YELLOW}[*] 已存在 /etc/apt/keyrings/nexttrace.gpg，跳过下载。${PLAIN}"
    fi

    if [[ ! -f /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nexttrace.sources ]]; then
        echo -e "${YELLOW}[*] 写入 NextTrace APT 源配置...${PLAIN}"
        cat << 'EOF' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nexttrace.sources
Types: deb
URIs: https://github.com/nxtrace/nexttrace-debs/releases/latest/download/
Suites: ./
Signed-By: /etc/apt/keyrings/nexttrace.gpg
EOF
    else
        echo -e "${YELLOW}[*] 已存在 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nexttrace.sources，跳过创建。${PLAIN}"
    fi
}

install_nexttrace() {
    echo -e "${YELLOW}[*] 更新 APT 索引...${PLAIN}"
    apt update

    echo -e "${YELLOW}[*] 安装 nexttrace...${PLAIN}"
    apt install -y nexttrace

    if command -v nexttrace >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        echo -e "${GREEN}[✓] NextTrace 安装完成，可直接运行：nexttrace${PLAIN}"
    else
        echo -e "${RED}[✗] 安装完成后未检测到 nexttrace 命令，请手动排查。${PLAIN}"
        exit 1
    fi
}

main() {
    require_root

    if ! detect_debian; then
        echo -e "${RED}当前系统不是 Debian（12/13），本脚本仅适用于 Debian。${PLAIN}"
        exit 1
    fi

    if command -v nexttrace >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        echo -e "${GREEN}[✓] 已检测到 nexttrace，当前版本：$(nexttrace -v 2>&1 || echo '')${PLAIN}"
        echo -e "${YELLOW}如需升级，请手动执行：apt update && apt install --only-upgrade nexttrace${PLAIN}"
        exit 0
    fi

    add_nexttrace_repo
    install_nexttrace
}

main "$@"

测试IP¶

ip_list=("219.141.147.210" "202.106.50.1" "221.179.155.161" \
         "202.96.209.133" "210.22.97.1" "211.136.112.200" \
         "202.96.128.86"   "210.21.196.6" "120.196.165.24" \
         "118.112.11.12" "119.6.6.6" "211.137.96.205" \
         "202.112.14.151"\
         "202.101.103.55" "202.101.103.54" \
         "218.85.157.99" "202.101.98.55" )


ip_addr=("北京电信" "北京联通" "北京移动" \
         "上海电信" "上海联通" "上海移动" \
         "广州电信" "广州联通" "广州移动" \
         "成都电信" "成都联通" "成都移动" \
         "成都教育网"\
         "厦门电信1" "厦门电信2" \
         "福州电信1" "福州电信2" )

测试¶

# 只探测 1 次、禁用反向解析（更快更干净，适合脚本）：
# -n 不做 rDNS，-q 控制每跳探测次数。
nexttrace -n -q 1 202.96.209.133
nexttrace 202.96.209.133 -q 1 
# 用 TCP SYN（绕过部分 ICMP 限制，默认端口 80，可配合 -p）：
nexttrace -T -p 443 www.baidu.com
# 用 UDP（默认端口 53，常用于对比）：
nexttrace -U -p 53 8.8.8.8
# 表格模式
nexttrace --table 1.0.0.1
# 机器可解析输出
nexttrace --raw 1.0.0.1
nexttrace --json 1.0.0.1
# 限制最大/最小跳数
nexttrace -m 10 202.96.209.133        # 最多 10 跳
nexttrace --first 5 -m 15 1.1.1.1     # 从第 5 跳开始，到第 15 跳结束
# 控制并发与速率（网络较差或多路由时用）：
nexttrace --parallel-requests 1 1.1.1.1   # 单探针串行，避免多路混乱
nexttrace -n -z 1000 1.1.1.1              # 每个探测包间隔 1000ms
# 指定出口 IP 或网卡（多网卡主机很常用）：
nexttrace -n -s 192.168.1.8 1.1.1.1    # 指定源 IP
nexttrace -n -D eth1 1.1.1.1           # 指定出口网卡